SCIENCE LIBRARY · UNITED STATES
Original scientific explainers with study data, limitations and links to practical guides. Each study is interpreted in its own population and treatment context.
Start with the outcome you want to understand. A change in weight, a symptom score and a reduction in clinical events answer different questions.
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Semaglutide reduced major cardiovascular events in people with established cardiovascular disease and overweight or obesity, without diabetes. Understanding the endpoint, treatment exposure, and discontinuation matters more than turning a relative benefit into a savings promise.
SCIENTIFIC ARTICLE
In people with type 2 diabetes and albuminuric chronic kidney disease, FLOW found fewer major kidney-related events or cardiovascular deaths. Understanding the population, composite endpoint, and follow-up matters before translating that result into expectations about care or costs.
SCIENTIFIC ARTICLE
Randomized withdrawal showed a clear maintenance benefit from continued treatment—but not a lifetime forecast or a cost-effectiveness result. Newer SURMOUNT-MAINTAIN evidence also tests a lower-dose strategy.
SCIENTIFIC ARTICLE
A small, exploratory extension found substantial average regain after both medication and structured lifestyle support ended. The result matters for planning, but it is not a lifetime forecast or a cost-effectiveness analysis.
SCIENTIFIC ARTICLE
Tirzepatide produced greater average weight loss than semaglutide over 72 weeks in a randomized trial. That result is meaningful, but it is not a price comparison, a universal safety ranking, or evidence for compounded alternatives.
SCIENTIFIC ARTICLE
Two randomized trials found substantial reductions in breathing interruptions with tirzepatide. Understanding the units, PAP populations, remaining disease, and limits of follow-up matters before translating those results into a long-term budget.
SCIENTIFIC ARTICLE
Semaglutide improved symptoms, walking performance, and weight in a 529-person heart-failure trial. Understanding those measured benefits is essential before turning a 52-week result into a long-term budget.
SCIENTIFIC ARTICLE
Tirzepatide reduced a combined heart-failure outcome in people with obesity and preserved ejection fraction. The details matter: fewer worsening events are not proof of longer survival, and clinical benefit is not an affordability analysis.
SCIENTIFIC ARTICLE
Tirzepatide sharply reduced progression to type 2 diabetes in participants with obesity and prediabetes. The evidence supports prevention or delay over the measured period—not permanent protection, guaranteed savings, or an interchangeable result from any product.
SCIENTIFIC ARTICLE
A 72-week SURMOUNT-1 substudy found that most weight lost was fat, but lean tissue also declined. Understanding the measurements matters before turning trial results into expectations or a long-term budget.